Photobiomodulation Therapy as a Possible New Approach in COVID-19: A Systematic Review
de Matos et al., Life (Basel), 2021. PMID 34207199
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About the research on this page. The studies cited here investigate photobiomodulation (PBM) as a therapeutic modality and the specific wavelengths used in PBM research — not Mito Red Light devices. The wavelengths in our panels were chosen because the peer-reviewed PBM literature supports them. Evidence levels and study counts reflect the broader research base, not studies of our products. See the full methodology note at the bottom of this page.
Most infection research on light therapy comes from COVID-19 and cold sores. In a randomized trial in people with COVID-19, a home-use device shortened recovery for those treated within 7 days of symptoms (18 versus 21 days, p = 0.050), with no benefit for later starters (Lim 2024). For loss of smell after COVID-19, infrared light added to steroids and smell training improved smell test scores (Oliveira 2025). For cold sores (herpes labialis), 6 trials found less pain, faster healing by about 1.2 days and smaller lesions than conventional treatment, though risk of bias was high (Yang 2025).
Other results are null or early. A 2026 double-blind trial in post-COVID brain fog found no significant improvement in the main cognitive score, and mobility and fatigue favored sham (Lim 2026). Overall evidence for COVID-19 treatment remains limited (de Matos 2021).
Based on 304 indexed studies in this category, 41 of them in people. These studies test photobiomodulation in general, not Mito Red Light devices.
Number of studies in our database for each condition. Direction and certainty are shown only where a meta-analysis or systematic review reports them; otherwise the row says "not graded".
| Condition | Human randomized trials | All human studies | Direction of results | Certainty |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 | 8 | 19 | Faster recovery only with early treatment Lim 2024 (PMID 38940733) |
Not graded (single trial) |
| COVID-19: post-covid symptoms | 4 | 6 | Better smell scores; brain fog not improved Oliveira 2025 (PMID 40147122); Lim 2026 (PMID 41768981) |
Not graded (small trials) |
| Infections | 0 | 4 | Not graded | Not graded |
The strongest human evidence: systematic reviews and meta-analyses first, then the newest randomized trials. Each card comes straight from our study database and links to the paper.
de Matos et al., Life (Basel), 2021. PMID 34207199
Lim et al., Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg, 2024. PMID 38940733
Oliveira et al., Braz J Otorhinolaryngol, 2025. PMID 40147122
Lim et al., EClinicalMedicine, 2026. PMID 41768981
Telles-Araujo et al., Lasers Med Sci, 2025. PMID 40522371
Yang et al., Lasers Med Sci, 2025. PMID 40993440
Not every trial is positive. "No effect" means the main outcome did not differ from sham or control. "Mixed" means some outcomes improved but the outcome named here did not differ.
| Year | Study | Design | Result | Outcome with no difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Effects of intravenous laser irradiation on viral load and T lymphocytes in people living with HIV/AIDS | RCT, n = 28 | No effect | Outcomes in people with HIV |
| 2024 | Photobiomodulation Treatment with a Home-Use Device for COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Trial for Efficacy and Safety | RCT, n = 199 | Mixed | Recovery when started after 7 days of symptoms (earlier start helped) |
The 25 most recent human studies in our database for this category.
Wavelengths reported in our database for the 17 human randomized trials in this category (17 wavelength entries; many database records lack a wavelength, and some trials report more than one). This describes the research; it is not a dosing recommendation.
| Wavelength band | Times used in trials |
|---|---|
| Red (600-699 nm) | 7 |
| Near-infrared (800-899 nm) | 5 |
| Near-infrared (900-1200 nm) | 4 |
| Blue/green (400-599 nm) | 1 |
Most common wavelengths: 660-669 nm, 800-809 nm, 540-549 nm, 620-629 nm, 650-659 nm.
Six randomized trials found less pain, about 1.2 days faster healing and smaller lesions than conventional treatment, with high risk of bias (Yang 2025).
In one randomized trial, early home use shortened recovery from 21 to 18 days (Lim 2024). Evidence overall is limited (de Matos 2021).
Infrared light, combined with steroids and smell training, improved smell test scores in a 2025 randomized trial (Oliveira 2025).
All 304 studies in this category from our study database, built on the PBM Research Database by Vladimir Heiskanen.
Search every study across all categories: Open the Full Evidence Explorer →
The published research indexed and referenced on this page studies photobiomodulation (PBM) as a therapeutic modality and the specific wavelengths used in those studies — not Mito Red Light devices specifically. The wavelengths used across our panels were chosen because the peer-reviewed PBM literature supports them: this is where published evidence is deepest, where dosing parameters have been characterized in human studies, and where clinical guidelines (such as WALT for inflammation and pain) exist. Mito Red Light has not funded or conducted registered clinical trials on our specific devices, and the study counts referenced here reflect the broader PBM research base — not studies of our products.
Where review authors graded certainty (for example with GRADE), we report their grade; other ratings are Mito’s summary. Study counts reflect peer-reviewed photobiomodulation research drawn from major scientific literature databases, peer-reviewed journals, and other published research repositories. PBM response varies meaningfully by person, tissue, condition, dose, wavelength, and session timing; outcomes reported in the published literature may not be replicable for every user. Mito Red Light devices are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. If you have a medical condition or are under a physician’s care, please consult your healthcare provider before beginning any photobiomodulation regimen.