About the research on this page. The studies cited here investigate photobiomodulation (PBM) as a therapeutic modality and the specific wavelengths used in PBM research — not Mito Red Light devices. The wavelengths in our panels were chosen because the peer-reviewed PBM literature supports them. Evidence levels and study counts reflect the broader research base, not studies of our products. See the full methodology note at the bottom of this page.

Red Light Therapy for Skin & Anti-Aging: Clinical Evidence & Research

536 StudiesPhotobiomodulation (PBM) Source-linked

What the research shows

Our evidence rating: Moderate for skin rejuvenation; moderate for preventing radiation dermatitis; mixed for acneUpdated Reviewed by Alexis Cowan, PhD

Controlled trials show that red and near-infrared light can improve signs of skin aging. In a trial of 113 people, red and near-infrared light improved skin complexion, roughness and ultrasound-measured collagen density compared with untreated controls (Wunsch 2014). A 2023 randomized trial of 137 people found about a 30% reduction in wrinkle volume around the eyes after 4 weeks of red (660 nm) or amber (590 nm) light, although hydration and elasticity did not change (Mota 2023). A 2025 sham-controlled trial found shorter glabellar and eye-area wrinkles and higher satisfaction, and more sessions did not improve results beyond two a week (Bragato 2025).

Beyond aging, preventive light therapy reduced severe radiation dermatitis in cancer patients in a 2023 meta-analysis (Gobbo 2023). A 2023 meta-analysis of 31 studies found benefits of LEDs across several skin conditions (Ngoc 2023). For acne, a 2021 meta-analysis of 13 trials found red light no better than conventional treatments (Wu 2021). A 2023 systematic review found no clinical evidence linking light therapy for skin rejuvenation to new or recurrent cancer (Glass 2023).

Based on 536 indexed studies in this category, 269 of them in people. These studies test photobiomodulation in general, not Mito Red Light devices.

Evidence by condition

Number of studies in our database for each condition. Direction and certainty are shown only where a meta-analysis or systematic review reports them; otherwise the row says "not graded".

ConditionHuman randomized trialsAll human studiesDirection of resultsCertainty
Acne vulgaris 16 42 Red light not better than conventional treatment
Wu 2021 (PMID 34363730)
Not graded; authors advise caution
Skin rejuvenation 15 39 Fewer wrinkles and more collagen in controlled trials
Mota 2023 (PMID 36780572); Wunsch 2014 (PMID 24286286)
Not graded by authors
Herpes zoster 9 25 Not graded Not graded
Body contouring 10 18 Not graded Not graded
Scars (clinical) 10 18 Not graded Not graded
Herpes labialis 11 18 Not graded Not graded
Radiation dermatitis 9 15 Less severe dermatitis with preventive use
Gobbo 2023 (PMID 36952036)
Not graded by authors
Laser skin resurfacing wounds / erythema 8 9 Not graded Not graded
Dermatology 1 8 Not graded Not graded
Onychomycosis 4 7 Not graded Not graded
Melasma 2 5 Not graded Not graded
Rosacea 1 5 Not graded Not graded
Psoriasis 2 4 Not graded Not graded
Vitiligo 1 4 Not graded Not graded
Atopic dermatitis 1 3 Not graded Not graded

Key studies: Skin & Anti-Aging

The strongest human evidence: systematic reviews and meta-analyses first, then the newest randomized trials. Each card comes straight from our study database and links to the paper.

Meta-analysis

Utilization of Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) for Skin therapy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al., Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed, 2023. PMID 36310510

Key finding (checked against the abstract)31 studies. Red and blue LEDs reduced acne lesions; yellow and near-infrared LEDs showed consistent benefits for skin rejuvenation, herpes simplex and psoriasis. Results for wounds and atopic dermatitis were inconsistent.
RCT

Role of photobiomodulation application frequency in facial rejuvenation: randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind, clinical trial

et al., Lasers Med Sci, 2025. PMID 40167796

Key finding (checked against the abstract)Randomized, sham-controlled trial, 95 women. Wrinkle Assessment Scale scores from blinded specialists did not differ between groups. Image analysis found shorter glabellar and right eye-area wrinkles with light versus sham (p < 0.001), and satisfaction was 73-80% in the light groups. Two and three sessions a week gave similar results.
Population
Human: 95 participants; randomized trial, double-blind; 4 weeks
Wavelength
660nm
Dose
8.05 J/cm²
RCT

Photobiomodulation Reduces Periocular Wrinkle Volume by 30%: A Randomized Controlled Trial

et al., Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg, 2023. PMID 36780572

Key finding (checked against the abstract)Randomized trial, 137 participants, treated for 4 weeks. Wrinkle volume around the eyes fell 31.6% with red (660 nm) and 29.9% with amber (590 nm) light. No change in hydration or elasticity.
Population
Human: 137 participants; comparison study; 4 weeks
Wavelength
590, 660 nm
Dose
3.8 3.8 J/cm²
RCT

A controlled trial to determine the efficacy of red and near-infrared light treatment in patient satisfaction, reduction of fine lines, wrinkles, skin roughness, and intradermal collagen density increase.

et al., Photomed Laser Surg, 2014. PMID 24286286

Key finding (checked against the abstract)Controlled trial, 113 participants. Red and near-infrared light improved complexion, roughness and collagen density versus controls. Broadband light had no advantage over red alone.
Population
Human: 113 participants; comparison study + non-randomized control group; 15 weeks
Wavelength
611-650"RLT"570-850"ELT"nm
Dose
~9 ~9 J/cm²
Meta-analysis

Application of red light therapy for moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al., J Cosmet Dermatol, 2021. PMID 34363730

Key finding (checked against the abstract)13 randomized trials, 422 participants with moderate to severe acne. Red light was not significantly better than conventional treatments for inflammatory or non-inflammatory lesions. Side effects were mild.
Population
Human
Meta-analysis

Photobiomodulation therapy for the prevention of acute radiation dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al., Support Care Cancer, 2023. PMID 36952036

Key finding (checked against the abstract)5 studies in breast and head and neck cancer. Preventive light therapy reduced moderate to severe radiation dermatitis at the end of radiotherapy (OR 0.28).
Systematic review

Photobiomodulation: A Systematic Review of the Oncologic Safety of Low-Level Light Therapy for Aesthetic Skin Rejuvenation

et al., Aesthet Surg J, 2023. PMID 36722207

Key finding (checked against the abstract)Systematic review of clinical and laboratory data. No clinical trial data link light therapy for skin rejuvenation with significant adverse events, including new or recurrent cancer.

Studies that found no effect

Not every trial is positive. "No effect" means the main outcome did not differ from sham or control. "Mixed" means some outcomes improved but the outcome named here did not differ.

YearStudyDesignResultOutcome with no difference
2022 HeaLED: Assessment of skin healing under light-emitting diode (LED) exposure-A randomized controlled study versus placebo RCT, n = 10 No effect Healing after laser skin resurfacing
2024 The effect of combined red, blue, and near-infrared light-emitting diode (LED) photobiomodulation therapy on speed of wound healing after superficial ablative fractional resurfacing RCT, n = 25 No effect Healing and symptoms after laser resurfacing
2025 The Therapeutic and Preventive Effects of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) for Post-Inflammatory Erythema and Hyperpigmentation: A Pilot Study Human study, n = 30 Mixed 590 nm light after UVB-induced redness and pigmentation in 10 healthy adults (830 nm helped)
2025 Role of photobiomodulation application frequency in facial rejuvenation: randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind, clinical trial RCT, n = 95 Mixed Wrinkle Assessment Scale scored by blinded specialists (image analysis improved)
2026 Light-emitting diode therapy for the prevention and treatment of radiodermatitis in women with breast cancer: systematic review Systematic review Mixed Chronic radiation dermatitis (acute dermatitis improved)

Latest human studies: Skin & Anti-Aging

The 25 most recent human studies in our database for this category.

YearStudyDesignPopulation
2026 Photothermal-Activated Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Conventional Platelet-Rich Plasma for Melasma: A Split-Face, Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. RCT Human: 26 participants
2026 Efficacy and Safety of 590 Nm and 590/630 Nm Light-Emitting Diode Therapy for Sensitive Skin: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial RCT, n = 30 Human: Randomized trial; 30 participants
2026 Effectiveness of Using the AOPT‐LTL Technique for the Treatment of Melasma: A Clinical Study Human study, n = 25 Human: 25 participants
2026 Comparing a Red and Blue Light-Emitting Diode Light Device With an Existing Blue Light Device for At-Home Treatment of Inflammatory Acne: An Open-Label Randomized-Controlled Trial RCT, n = 23 Human: 23 participants; comparison study; 8-week treatment -> 8-week follow-up
2026 Photobiomodulation and Radio-Epithelitis in Anal Carcinoma: A Case-Report and Clinical Reflection on Emerging Preventive and Supportive Care Modalities Human study Human: case report
2026 Combination Therapy of 308 nm Excimer Light and Red Light for Refractory Vitiligo: A Case Report. Case report Human
2026 Efficacy and Safety of 675-nm Laser Monotherapy for Melasma in Fitzpatrick Skin Types III-V: A Prospective Pre-Post Intervention Study. Human study Human
2026 Clinical Application of a New Near-Infrared Light-Emitting Diode with Broader Spectrum for Skin Rejuvenation and Hair Growth Enhancement Single-arm study, n = 20 Human
2025 The efficacy of red and blue light-emitting diode phototherapy combined with oral minocycline for acne conglobata: a retrospective cohort study. Human study Human
2025 A Study on the Efficacy of Drug-Mediated Moist Wound Healing Combined With Phototherapy in the Management of Facial Abrasion Scars RCT, n = 40 Human: 40 participants; randomized trial
2025 Blue LED photobiomodulation in the prevention of radiodermatitis in breast cancer survivors: a clinical trial Human study, n = 53 Human: 53 participants; non-randomized study, controlled
2025 A 7-Week, Open-Label Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of 415-nm/633-nm Phototherapy for Treating Mild-to-Moderate Acne in Adolescents and Adults. Human study Human
2025 Scar improvement after abdominoplasty via fluorescent light energy therapy as an adjunct to the standard of care: a post-market observational investigation of POSAS data Single-arm study, n = 27 Human: 27 participants; single-arm study; 4-week treatment / 6-month study
2025 Efficacy and safety of 570/590 Nm yellow light combined with red light and infrared LED in treating facial skin photoaging: A Single-Center, randomized Controlled, exploratory study RCT, n = 30 Human: 30 participants; comparison study; 8 weeks
2025 Low-Level Laser Therapy as an Effective Intervention for Facial Pigmentation: A Case Report of Ephelides and Lentigines in Syrian Women Case series Human: case series
2025 Photobiomodulation therapy for enhanced wound and Scar healing: visual and statistical evaluation Human study, n = 60 Human: 60 participants; single treatment study, three groups
2025 Amber LED photobiomodulation versus tranexamic acid for the treatment of melasma: randomized controlled double-blind pilot trial RCT, n = 21 Human: 21 participants; comparison study, randomized, double-blind; 8-week treatment / 12-week study
2025 Effect of combined antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and photobiomodulation therapy in the management of recurrent herpes labialis: a randomized controlled trial RCT, n = 60 Human: 60 participants; randomized trial, double-blind; 3-day treatment (PBM) / 7-day study
2025 Role of photobiomodulation application frequency in facial rejuvenation: randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind, clinical trial RCT, n = 95 Human: 95 participants; randomized trial, double-blind; 4 weeks
2025 Single and dual-wavelength considerations of photobiomodulation therapy in the management of side effects related to hyaluronic acid fillers in lip augmentation RCT, n = 61 Human: 61 participants
2025 Clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of home-used LED and IRED mask for crow's feet: A multi-center, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study RCT, n = 60 Human: 60 participants; randomized trial, double-blind; 16 weeks
2025 The Therapeutic and Preventive Effects of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) for Post-Inflammatory Erythema and Hyperpigmentation: A Pilot Study Human study, n = 30 Human: 30 participants (??); non-randomized study
2025 Clinical Protocol Effects With LED Photobiomodulation for Reducing Adipose Tissue in the Abdomen Region RCT, n = 90 Human: 90 participants; randomized trial, sham-controlled
2024 Blue diode laser as supportive therapy for the management of vulvar lichen sclerosus. Human study Human
2024 Local and systemic photobiomodulation using a 650 nm LED on skin temperature and hyperalgesia in cellulite: a randomized, placebo-controlled and double-blinded clinical trial RCT, n = 25 Human: 25 participants; randomized trial, double-blind; 4 weeks

Light parameters used in the trials

Wavelengths reported in our database for the 118 human randomized trials in this category (69 wavelength entries; many database records lack a wavelength, and some trials report more than one). This describes the research; it is not a dosing recommendation.

Wavelength bandTimes used in trials
Red (600-699 nm)29
Blue/green (400-599 nm)23
Near-infrared (800-899 nm)15
Near-infrared (900-1200 nm)2

Most common wavelengths: 630-639 nm, 590-599 nm, 800-809 nm, 850-859 nm, 660-669 nm.

What the evidence does not show

  • Better skin hydration or elasticity: the 137-person wrinkle trial found no change in either (Mota 2023, PMID 36780572).
  • That broader-spectrum light beats red alone: in the 113-person trial, polychromatic light had no advantage over red light (Wunsch 2014, PMID 24286286).
  • That more sessions mean better results: the number of sessions did not change outcomes, and two a week were sufficient (Bragato 2025, PMID 40167796).
  • That red light beats standard acne treatment: 13 trials showed no significant difference (Wu 2021, PMID 34363730).

Frequently asked questions

Does red light therapy reduce wrinkles?

Controlled trials say yes, modestly. Red and amber light reduced wrinkle volume around the eyes by about 30% in a 137-person randomized trial (Mota 2023), and red and near-infrared light increased collagen density in a 113-person controlled trial (Wunsch 2014).

How often do the trials use it?

In a 2025 sham-controlled trial, the number of sessions did not change results, and the authors concluded two sessions a week seem sufficient (Bragato 2025).

Does it help acne?

The evidence is mixed. A 2023 meta-analysis found red and blue LEDs reduced acne lesions (Ngoc 2023), but a 2021 meta-analysis of 13 trials found red light no better than conventional treatments (Wu 2021).

Is it safe for people with a history of cancer?

A 2023 systematic review found no clinical trial data linking light therapy for skin rejuvenation to new or recurrent cancer, and no evidence that cancer survivors should avoid it (Glass 2023).

Browse All Skin & Anti-Aging Studies

All 536 studies in this category from our study database, built on the PBM Research Database by Vladimir Heiskanen.

Search every study across all categories: Open the Full Evidence Explorer →

Methodology & important context

The published research indexed and referenced on this page studies photobiomodulation (PBM) as a therapeutic modality and the specific wavelengths used in those studies — not Mito Red Light devices specifically. The wavelengths used across our panels were chosen because the peer-reviewed PBM literature supports them: this is where published evidence is deepest, where dosing parameters have been characterized in human studies, and where clinical guidelines (such as WALT for inflammation and pain) exist. Mito Red Light has not funded or conducted registered clinical trials on our specific devices, and the study counts referenced here reflect the broader PBM research base — not studies of our products.

Where review authors graded certainty (for example with GRADE), we report their grade; other ratings are Mito’s summary. Study counts reflect peer-reviewed photobiomodulation research drawn from major scientific literature databases, peer-reviewed journals, and other published research repositories. PBM response varies meaningfully by person, tissue, condition, dose, wavelength, and session timing; outcomes reported in the published literature may not be replicable for every user. Mito Red Light devices are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. If you have a medical condition or are under a physician’s care, please consult your healthcare provider before beginning any photobiomodulation regimen.